Question
In the Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty experiment, which enzyme treatment abolished transformation?
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Answer
DNase treatment.
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Question
Why are adaptations not considered perfect or goal-directed?
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Answer
Evolution lacks foresight and is constrained by history and trade-offs.
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Question
How does drift differ from natural selection in its effect on allele frequencies?
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Answer
Both change frequencies, but only selection is adaptive and directional.
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Question
What are chiasmata?
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Answer
Visible crossover points between non-sister chromatids.
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